Rare color photographs document everyday life in the first Nazi concentration camps in 1933 _de
Nazi Germany maintained concentration camps in all territories under its control before and during World War II. The first Nazi camps were established in Germany in March 1933, immediately after Hitler became Chancellor and his Nazi Party gained control of the police through Reich Interior Minister Wilhelm Frick and the acting Prussian Interior Minister Hermann Göring. The camps were used for the imprisonment and torture of political opponents and trade union organizers and initially housed around 45,000 prisoners.
Heinrich Himmler’s SS took complete control of the police and concentration camps throughout Germany in 1934/35. Himmler expanded the role of the camps to include the imprisonment of so-called “racially undesirable elements” of German society, such as Jews, criminals, homosexuals, and Roma. The number of people in the camps, which had fallen to 7,500, rose again to 21,000 by the outbreak of World War II, peaking at 715,000 in January 1945.